Natalie Crawford, M.D.’s
Prenatal Nutrient Support
Protocol overview
Last updated: May 13, 2025
9 Nutrients
Folic Acid
400mcg
Folic acid, vitamin B9, is an essential for DNA synthesis and cell division. Grains are typically fortified with folic acid, but with an avoidance of processed grains, many people need other dietary sources and supplementation. If you are trying to conceive, folic acid is essential to prevent neural tube defects. (For a precise explanation of why folic acid is recommended instead of methylated folate, and additional information relating to the MTHFR gene, please review the Warning section later in the Protocol). [1]
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nutrient totals stack up
Log in or sign upVitamin D3
150mcg
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for calcium balance, bone health, and reducing inflammation. It also supports glucose metabolism, natural fertility, IVF success, and lowers miscarriage risk. Since over half of adults are deficient, monitoring and supplementing to maintain levels above 30 ng/mL is often necessary. [2]
Calcium
1000mg
Calcium is essential during pregnancy for the development of fetal bones and teeth. It also supports maternal bone health, as the growing baby draws calcium from the mother’s stores to build a strong skeletal system. [3]
Omega-3 fatty acids
300mg
Omega-3 fatty acids, including ALA, EPA, and DHA, help reduce inflammation and support antioxidant defenses. Studies show women taking omega-3 supplements have 1.5 times higher odds of conceiving naturally. Because dietary sources are limited, many individuals benefit from targeted supplementation. [4]
Choline
450mg
Choline is essential during pregnancy for fetal brain development, neural tube formation, and placental function. It supports healthy cognitive outcomes and reduces the risk of neural tube defects, making it a critical but often overlooked prenatal nutrient. [5]
Vitamin B12
30mcg
Vitamin B12, found primarily in animal products and fortified foods, is essential for red blood cell formation, hormone balance, and fertility. Low levels are associated with anemia, increased miscarriage risk, and reduced IVF success, while adequate levels support healthier pregnancy outcomes. [6]
Iodine
220mcg
Iodine is critical during pregnancy for thyroid hormone production, which supports fetal brain development and cognitive function. Deficiency can impair neurological development, increasing the risk of intellectual disabilities and growth delays, making adequate iodine intake essential during pregnancy. [7]

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Warnings
Do not take with additional high-dose vitamin A or iron supplements unless directed by a healthcare provider. Individuals with specific medical conditions, such as kidney disease or iron overload, should consult their doctor before use.
Many new prenatal vitamins have entered the market which have methylated folate instead of folic acid. Methylated folate is a downstream metabolite of folic acid. Although some people may have difficulty metabolizing folic acid (associated with a genetic mutation, MTHFR), it is very important to realize that only folic acid has been shown to prevent NTD (neural tube defects). Although methylated folate has been shown to result in sufficient blood folate levels, no study exists proving that methylated folate prevents neural tube defects or compares methylated folate vs folic acid. No study like this will ever exist because when something clearly prevents a bad outcome, like a birth defect, you would never allow a group of pregnant people to be at risk for this outcome when you could prevent it. I recommend you take at least 400 mcg of folic acid, in the form of folic acid. If you love a prenatal that has methylated folate, take an additional folic acid supplement. Methylated folate may help a small group of people who have problems metabolizing folic acid when they are not pregnant, but if you are trying to conceive, I recommend adding folic acid as well.
Lifestyle Improvements
When it comes to preparing for pregnancy, your lifestyle matters just as much as your prenatal vitamin. If you’re trying to conceive, start by treating your body like it’s already pregnant because those early weeks, before most people even know they’re pregnant, are critical for development.
First, prioritize sleep. Aim for 7 to 9 hours a night and try to maintain a consistent sleep wake schedule. Sleep plays a key role in hormone regulation, egg health, and metabolic function.
Next, focus on nutrition. You don’t need a perfect diet, but you do need a balanced one. Build meals around whole foods: plenty of leafy greens, colorful vegetables, fruits, healthy fats like avocado or olive oil, and quality protein. Carbs are not the enemy, but choose complex, fiber rich sources. Minimize processed foods and added sugars when you can. Small shifts make a difference over time.
Hydration matters too. Aim for at least 8 cups of water daily. Staying hydrated supports your metabolism, energy, and even cervical mucus production, which is important for conception.
Movement is essential. You don’t need to start a new workout routine if you’re not already active, but gentle, regular movement like walking, yoga, or strength training can improve blood flow to your reproductive organs, reduce inflammation, and support mental health.
Reduce alcohol and avoid smoking or vaping. Alcohol, especially in high amounts, can affect ovulation and egg quality. I typically recommend limiting alcohol to no more than a few drinks a week, and once you’re actively trying to conceive, it’s best to stop altogether.
Stress is a huge piece of the puzzle. No, stress won’t cause infertility, but chronic stress can affect your hormones and ovulation. Create routines that help regulate your nervous system: deep breathing, journaling, light movement, or just giving yourself permission to rest.
And don’t forget to check in on your caffeine intake. Moderate caffeine like one 8 to 12 oz cup of coffee a day is considered safe when trying to conceive, but more than 200 mg a day may impact fertility for some.
Lastly, keep regular appointments with your doctor. Review your medications, check your labs if needed, and make sure your vaccines are up to date. Taking these steps now creates a strong foundation not just for pregnancy but for a healthier you in the long run.
Disclaimer
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Any products and informational content displayed on this page are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
While this Protocol has been created by health experts, it is educational in nature and not a substitute for personalized medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you have underlying health conditions or take medications.
- Viswanathan, M., Peragallo Urrutia, R., Hudson, K. N., Middleton, J. C., & Kahwati, L. C. (2023). Folic acid supplementation to prevent neural tube defects: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA, 330(5), 460–466. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.9864
- Chu, J., Gallos, I., Tobias, A., Robinson, L., Kirkman-Brown, J., Dhillon-Smith, R., Harb, H., Eapen, A., Rajkhowa, M., & Coomarasamy, A. (2019). Vitamin D and assisted reproductive treatment outcome: A prospective cohort study. Reproductive Health, 16(1), 106. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0769-7
- Kovacs, C. S. (2016). Maternal mineral and bone metabolism during pregnancy, lactation, and post-weaning recovery. Physiological Reviews, 96(2), 449–547. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00027.2015
- Stanhiser, J., Jukic, A. M. Z., McConnaughey, D. R., & Steiner, A. Z. (2022). Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and fecundability. Human Reproduction, 37(5), 1037–1046. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deac027
- Obeid, R., Derbyshire, E., & Schön, C. (2022). Association between maternal choline, fetal brain development, and child neurocognition: Systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies. Advances in Nutrition, 13(6), 2445–2457. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmac082
- Bennett, M. (2001). Vitamin B12 deficiency, infertility, and recurrent fetal loss. Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 46(3), 209–212
- Skeaff, S. A. (2011). Iodine deficiency in pregnancy: The effect on neurodevelopment in the child. Nutrients, 3(2), 265–273. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu3020265
- Peña-Rosas, J. P., De-Regil, L. M., Garcia-Casal, M. N., & Dowswell, T. (2015). Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2015(7), CD004736. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004736.pub5
- Xu, Y., Nisenblat, V., Lu, C., Li, R., Qiao, J., Zhen, X., & Wang, S. (2018). Pretreatment with coenzyme Q10 improves ovarian response and embryo quality in low-prognosis young women with decreased ovarian reserve: A randomized controlled trial. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 16(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-018-0343-0