Supplement Guide | Creatine 02 | The Dose Question Everyone Gets Wrong
This is part 2 of SuppCo’s four-part creatine series, where we move from theory to application, outlining how to dose, time, and use... based on real evidence.
To read part 1 in the series, click here.
You now know what creatine does. The next question everyone asks is the same one: how do I actually take it?
Go looking for an answer and you'll find seventeen opinions. Load for a week. Don't bother loading. Take it before your workout. Take it after. Take it with carbs. Cycle it. Don't cycle it. Ten grams is better than five. Five is plenty. Twenty is only for loading.
Whew…
Most of this advice isn't wrong exactly. It's just untethered from the underlying biology. Once you connect the dosing questions back to the system from Part 1, most of the confusion resolves itself.
Here's what the evidence actually says.
Creatine is not a supplement you feel acutely. It's a system you fill. The protocol questions only make sense once you understand that.
What "Muscle Saturation" Actually Means
In Part 1 we introduced the tank analogy. Your muscle tissue has a finite creatine capacity, roughly 120-160 mmol per kilogram of dry muscle. Most people walking around sit somewhere between 100-130 mmol/kg, below the ceiling, running a system that never quite fills up.
Saturation means pushing that number toward the top of the range and keeping it there.
This is not an acute process. You don't take creatine and feel it working an hour later the way you might feel caffeine. What you're doing is gradually increasing the total creatine pool available in muscle tissue over days and weeks. Once that pool is full, your phosphocreatine system has more substrate to work with on every high-intensity effort you make.
Everything that follows, loading, daily dosing, timing, is just a question of how quickly and efficiently you get the tank full, and how you keep it there.
Loading: The Fast Lane to a Full Tank
A loading protocol typically looks like this: 20g per day, split into four 5g doses, for five to seven days. The logic is straightforward. Higher doses accelerate the rate at which muscle creatine stores rise, getting you to saturation in roughly a week rather than three to four weeks.
The research supports this. Loading works. If you want to saturate faster, loading is the legitimate way to do it.
The tradeoffs are also real. Some people experience GI discomfort at high daily doses, particularly if they take a large amount at once rather than spreading it across the day. And the honest answer is that most people don't need to load. If you're not preparing for a competition, a testing window, or some other near-term event where you need your creatine stores elevated quickly, loading is optional. You'll get to the same place either way. Loading just gets you there faster.
Loading makes the most sense if any of these apply to you:
You have a near-term performance goal. A competition, a testing window, or a training block starting in the next few weeks where you want your creatine stores elevated now, not in a month.
You're starting from a low baseline. Vegetarians and people who eat little red meat or fish have more room to fill and may feel the difference from loading more acutely.
You've been off creatine for more than six weeks. Your stores have likely returned close to baseline. Loading gets you back to saturation faster than waiting out the slow fill.
You don't have GI sensitivity. If high doses cause discomfort, splitting into four smaller doses across the day helps. If it still bothers you, skip loading and go slow.
5g, 10g, 20g: What the Doses Actually Mean
This is where a lot of the confusion lives, so it's worth being precise.
3-5g daily is the standard maintenance dose for most people. It's enough to gradually saturate muscle creatine stores over three to four weeks without loading, and enough to maintain saturation once you're there. For the majority of people, this is the magic number.
10g daily comes up most often in the context of older adults, where creatine uptake into muscle tissue may be somewhat less efficient. Some researchers and clinicians recommend the higher end of the dosing range for this population specifically.
20g daily is a loading dose, not a maintenance target. Here is the most important thing to understand about doses above 5g once your muscles are saturated: they don't do anything additional for muscle. Creatine uptake into muscle tissue is a saturable process. Once the tank is full, excess creatine is filtered out by the kidneys and excreted. More is not better. It's just more expensive urine.
And if you want to do that math, around 0.1g per kilogram of body weight is a more personalized way to think about it. A 90kg person has more muscle mass and a larger creatine pool to fill than a 60kg person. Body-weight scaling accounts for that. For larger individuals, 5g may be on the low end of what's needed to reach and maintain saturation efficiently.
The one context where higher sustained doses are being explored is brain health. Creatine does appear to cross the blood-brain barrier, but it does so less efficiently than it enters muscle tissue, and some researchers believe higher doses may be needed to meaningfully elevate brain creatine levels. The data here is early and the picture is not yet clear. We'll go deeper on brain health research in Part 3.
The Timing Myth
Pre-workout or post-workout? With a meal or without? Morning or night?
The short answer: it largely doesn't matter.
A handful of studies have looked at whether the timing of creatine relative to exercise affects outcomes. The most-cited found a modest advantage for post-workout timing over pre-workout. A few others have found no meaningful difference. The effect sizes in these studies are small enough that the practical conclusion is the same: timing is not the variable that moves the needle.
Here's why. Creatine works by elevating your total muscle creatine pool over time, not by being present in your bloodstream at a specific moment. Whether you take it at 7am before training or 8pm after dinner, what matters is that you took it consistently, and that your muscle stores are elevated as a result.
The one timing consideration worth making is practical rather than physiological. Taking creatine at the same time every day, attached to an existing habit like your morning coffee or your post-workout shake, makes you more likely to actually take it. Consistency is the protocol. Everything else is optimization theater.
If you want a simple decision framework for when to take it:
Post-workout with a meal. The modest timing advantage in the research, small as it is, favors post-workout. If you train regularly and want to capture even a marginal edge, this is the slot.
Morning with an existing habit. If you don't train daily or your schedule is inconsistent, attach creatine to something you already do every morning. Consistency beats marginal timing advantages every time.
Any time, every day. If you're someone who will overthink this and use it as a reason to skip doses, ignore timing entirely. The only wrong answer is not taking it.
What Happens When You Stop
Muscle creatine stores don't disappear overnight. Washout is gradual, taking roughly four to six weeks to return to your pre-supplementation baseline after you stop taking creatine entirely.
During that washout period, your phosphocreatine system is running on progressively less substrate. Training performance at high intensities may gradually decline back toward where it was before you started. Body weight may drop slightly as intracellular water content normalizes.
What you don't lose is the muscle you built while your creatine stores were elevated. Training adaptations are real and they persist. What you lose is the substrate advantage that helped you accumulate them.
On cycling: there is no scientific basis for it. The practice of taking creatine for eight weeks, stopping for four, then restarting comes from bodybuilding culture, not from research. Your body does not down-regulate creatine synthesis in a way that makes cycling necessary or beneficial. If creatine is working for you, stopping periodically accomplishes nothing except spending several weeks below your performance ceiling.
Consistency Is the Protocol
If there's one practical takeaway from everything above, it's this: simplify.
Pick a dose that matches your goals, somewhere between 3-5g for most people. Take it every day. Don't stress about timing. Don't load unless you have a specific reason to. Don't cycle.
Creatine is not a supplement that rewards complexity. It rewards consistency.
The people getting the most out of it are not the ones who have optimized their loading protocol and timed their dose to the minute. They're the ones who have taken it every day for months and years, kept their tank full, and let biology do the rest.
Up next: what a full creatine tank actually does. Strength, muscle, endurance, brain health, recovery, and where the expectations go wrong.